VIRUS VOCABULARY BOOT SECTOR VIRUS Affects the section of a floppy or hard disk that contains operating system and file information. Each time you start your PC with an infected floppy in the drive, the virus can spread. FILE VIRUS Infects program (.exe and .com) files. Thereafter, each time you run an infected program, the  virus  copies itself. HEURISTICS A commonly used antivirus technology that looks for indications of virus activity such as suspicious code or unanticipated changes in files. IN-THE-WILD VIRUS Has escaped into circulation. Currently, about 250 viruses exist in the wild. MACRO VIRUS The most common type, currently accounts for about 80 percent of computer infections. Microsoft Word and Excel macros execute a series of instructions automatically each time you open a document. If an automatic macro has been infected with a virus, it can damage any Word or Excel document you open. MULTIPARTITE VIRUS Uses a combination of techniques to spread itself; the most common type combines the M.O. of boot and file viruses.
POLYMORPHIC VIRUS Changes itself each time it spreads. Because polymorphic viruses' signatures change, often randomly, the common signature scanning technique often fails to find them; antivirus packages must rely on heuristic technologies to detect them. STEALTH VIRUS Uses tricks to conceal itself from antivirus software. For the most part, stealth viruses affect DOS. VIRUS SIGNATURE Specific strings of binary code in most viruses (except polymorphic ones) that allow antivirus software to detect them. New viruses contain new signatures, which is why it's essential to keep signature files up to date. ZOO VIRUS Lives mostly within research labs, hasn't succeeded in moving into general circulation. The current census reports approximately 18,000 zoo viruses.
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